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- <text id=90TT0108>
- <title>
- Jan. 15, 1990: Argentina:Run for The Money
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Jan. 15, 1990 Antarctica
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- WORLD, Page 40
- ARGENTINA
- Run for The Money
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A fight to save the economy--and the government
- </p>
- <p> Economy Minister Antonio Erman Gonzalez called it "a week
- of economic terror." That was no exaggeration, even in a
- country where economic scare stories are all too common. Among
- the latest horrors: a sudden year-end collapse of the value of
- the austral, which plunged from 1,200 to the U.S. dollar to
- 2,000 before markets closed for the New Year, and price rises
- of as much as 100% as rumors circulated that the value of
- Argentina's national currency might be halved again.
- Shell-shocked citizens waited for Erman, the third Economy
- Minister since President Carlos Saul Menem took office last
- July, to announce yet another rescue plan, the fourth in
- Menem's tenure. The challenge: to dispel the worst outbreak of
- hyperinflation in Argentina since food riots broke out last
- May.
- </p>
- <p> The emergency program Erman cobbled is intended to stop the
- rush to convert australs into dollars and force down the prices
- of goods. To achieve that, the government has promised to end
- its frenetic minting of money to finance decades of chronic
- deficits; no more australs will be printed until the level of
- Argentina's hard-currency reserves rises. If that promise is
- kept, it would amount to a tight leash on the inflationary
- money supply.
- </p>
- <p> To give the government time to put the plan into effect,
- Erman declared a two-day bank holiday Jan. 2 and 3. By midweek
- thousands of people had gathered outside the country's bank
- branches, afraid that the value of their savings would
- evaporate. But as the value of the dollar sank to roughly the
- same level as before the austral's collapse, the dollar panic
- seemed to subside, and relieved retailers began rolling back
- their hasty price hikes.
- </p>
- <p> During the crisis, Menem remained virtually out of sight.
- The key question is whether he will stick to this latest plan,
- since he has failed to honor many other austerity pledges. He
- had promised to rid the swollen Argentine government of scores
- of money-losing businesses and to make the country's bloated
- public sector more efficient, presumably by trimming its size
- through layoffs or attrition. But Menem, a Peronist whose
- political base is Argentina's powerful labor movement, has not
- had the stomach to set the stage for a confrontation with the
- country's blue-collar workers by carrying out those plans.
- </p>
- <p> He did make a commendable start, and for a few months the
- hyperinflation he inherited was subsiding. But in early
- December his program of wage-and-price strictures began to
- crumble. Interest rates on short-term bank deposits soared out
- of control, to 600% monthly. Nervous investors began to turn
- their assets into dollars, and the flight from the austral
- began in earnest.
- </p>
- <p> Many investors showed little faith in the new monetary
- program--or in the latest economic plan as a whole. For fear
- of panic selling, the country's stock market remained closed
- all last week.
- </p>
- <p> Economic instability in Argentina inevitably brings worries
- that the military, which ran the country with brutal
- inefficiency from 1976 to 1983, might hanker for another turn
- at power. Those fears were heightened last week when the army
- chief, General Isidro Caceres, warned that "the army is worried
- about the economic situation." For Menem, the best way to keep
- the soldiers at bay and serve out his full six-year term would
- be to set a course for economic stability and then hold firm
- to it. In Argentina that is no easy task.
- </p>
- <p>By William R. Doerner. Reported by Gail Scriven/Buenos Aires.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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